Power politics and proxy warfare in the Middle East: A critical analysis of the Iran-Saudi Arabia rivalry and its impact on regional stability (2015–2025)

Abstract

Iran-Saudi Arabia fight a major factor to shape politics, security throughout the Middle East. The impact of power disputes and proxy wars on regional stability is being analyzed in this research work from 2015 to 2025. With its view grounded in the Realism theory it interprets the conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia and its effects on peace and security. It adopts an approach and considers secondary sources such as academic journals, books and reports published by international organizations. It contrasts Yemeni and Syriza issues which are key flashpoint areas for Iran and Saudi Arabia's skirmishes. It is concluded that Iran and Saudi Arabia are not only waging proxy wars and alliances but also achieve their desired objectives without engaging in direct combat. This competition resulted in conflicts, disturbances, security challenges, economic situations and human suffering. The 2023 Beijing Agreement is also important as it opened up chances for diplomacy and reducing tensions. The study finds that lasting stability in the region depends on countries Choosing Dialogue, building mutual trust, and cooperating Diplomatically instead of relying on proxy conflicts and geopolitically rivalry.